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Waterspout 

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Waterspout  Recently, a luxury yacht sank off Sicily, Italy, during a violent storm, resulting in one confirmed death and six individuals missing, possibly due to a waterspout. About Waterspouts: Waterspouts are significant atmospheric phenomena characterised by rotating columns of air that form over water bodies. These tornado-like structures typically develop overseas or in large lakes, presenting a spectacular display of nature’s power. It is a weaker version of a tornado, typically lasting 5-10 minutes. Average diameter is around 165 feet (50 meters). Wind speeds can reach up to 100 km/h (60 mph). Formation of Waterspouts: The formation of a waterspout…

Banni Grasslands of Kachchh

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Banni Grasslands of Kachchh A study conducted by researchers at Kachchh University assessed the suitability of different areas in Banni for sustainable grassland restoration, with ecological value being the primary criterion. Restoration of Banni Grasslands: Highlights of the Study Recent Study: Objective: A study conducted by researchers at KSKV Kachchh University assessed the suitability of different areas in Banni for sustainable grassland restoration, with ecological value being the primary criterion. Need for restoration: Originally covering about 3,800 sq. km, the Banni grasslands have shrunk to about 2,600 sq. km. Categories of Restoration Zones: The researchers divided the grassland into five…

Ethanol blending programme

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Ethanol blending programme On the ethanol blending programme / इथेनॉल मिश्रण कार्यक्रम पर India is progressing towards its 20% ethanol blending target by 2025-26, marked by increased production and capacity. However, concerns about food security arise due to rising maize imports and water usage for sugarcane. Balancing ethanol production with these challenges remains a key issue in policy discussions. Overview of Ethanol Blending Targets India aims to blend 20% ethanol with petrol by 2025-26, with progress marked by milestones in blending percentages and increased ethanol production capacity. The target involves producing approximately 1,000 crore litres of ethanol. Current blending rates…

World Bank Group

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World Bank Group International Organizations Establishment     July 1944, during the United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, USA. Initial Purpose     To help rebuild European nations devastated by World War II;    Later expanded to include global development and poverty reduction. Components     International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD)    International Development Association (IDA)    International Finance Corporation (IFC)    Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)    International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) Membership     189 member countries. Headquarters     Washington, D.C., United States. Main Functions     Provides loans, credits, and grants; offers technical expertise and policy advice;…

Disaster Management Bill

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Disaster Management Bill Disaster Management Bill tabled in Lok Sabha / आपदा प्रबंधन विधेयक लोकसभा में पेश किया गया The Disaster Management (Amendment) Bill, 2024, introduced by Union Minister Nityanand Rai, aims to establish a national disaster database and Urban Disaster Management Authorities in major cities. It empowers the National and State Disaster Management Authorities to prepare disaster plans, replacing previous executive committees, sparking opposition concerns about state authority encroachment. Provisions in the Bill Creation of a Disaster Database: The Bill mandates the establishment of a comprehensive disaster database at both national and state levels, which will include disaster assessments,…

Ariel another watery moon

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Ariel another watery moon NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope found evidence of a subsurface ocean on Uranus’s moon Ariel, which explains the presence of frozen CO2 on its surface. Carbon monoxide and carbonite minerals suggest that a hidden ocean may be supplying CO2 and interacting with Ariel’s surface, requiring further investigation. Triton’s retrograde rotation is explained by its shared origin with Pluto before being captured by Neptune. Another mystery involves Uranus’s moon Ariel, which has frozen CO2 on its surface despite its distance from the Sun. On July 24, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) detected signs of a liquid…

Lokmanya Tilak

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Lokmanya Tilak The Prime Minister recently paid tributes to Lokmanya Tilak on his birth anniversary. About Lokmanya Tilak: Bal Gangadhar Tilak, commonly known as Lokmanya Tilak, was a prominent Indian nationalist, freedom fighter, social reformer, and political leader during the Indian independence movement. He was one of the prime architects of modern India and probably the strongest advocate of Swaraj, or Self Rule for India. He is known for his slogan, “Swaraj is my birthright, and I shall have it.” He was born as Keshav Gangadhar Tilak, and his followers bequeathed upon him the title of ‘Lokmanya’, meaning he who…

Dark Oxygen

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Dark Oxygen Scientists have recently discovered a strange phenomenon, dubbed “dark oxygen” in the deep sea. About Dark Oxygen: Oxygen that is being produced in complete darkness thousands of feet below the ocean surface is termed dark oxygen. Why is the discovery important? Until now, it was thought that oxygen was created only through photosynthesis, a process that requires sunlight. Oceanic plankton, drifting plants, algae, and some bacteria are the primary elements attributed to the production of oxygen in the ocean. All these organisms are capable of photosynthesis. The production of oxygen at such depths is thought to be impossible…

National Testing Agency

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National Testing Agency  The National Testing Agency (NTA) was established in 2017 by the Indian government to conduct electronic mode entrance examinations for professional courses. Despite its mandate, operational challenges, including recent controversies over examination integrity, have sparked calls for reforms and decentralised testing mechanisms across India’s educational landscape. What is the National Testing Agency? /राष्ट्रीय परीक्षण एजेंसी क्या है? About: The National Testing Agency (NTA) was established as a Society registered under the Indian Societies Registration Act, of 1860. It is an autonomous and self-sustained testing organisation to conduct entrance examinations for admission in higher educational institutions. Governance: NTA…

Supreme Court, back to its full judicial strength

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Supreme Court, back to its full judicial strength President DroupadiMurmu appointed Justices N. Kotiswar Singh and R. Mahadevan to the Supreme Court, restoring its full strength of 34 judges. Justice Singh is the first from Manipur, and Justice Mahadevan, from Tamil Nadu’s backward community, adds diversity. Procedure for appointment of Supreme Court Judges: Constitutional Basis: The appointment process is outlined in Article 124 of the Indian Constitution. Eligibility Criteria: As per article 124 [3] Indian Constitution, a person to be appointed as a Supreme Court judge of India Must be a citizen of India. Must have been a judge of…